.\" $NetBSD: orders.7,v 1.6 2011/08/06 11:07:18 jruoho Exp $
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
.\" by Jukka Ruohonen.
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.Dd November 20, 2022
.Dt ORDERS 7
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm orders
.Nd orders of magnitude
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The following table lists common multiples of bytes.
.Bl -column -offset 2n \
"Kilobyte" "Prefix" "Power of 2" "Power of 10"
.It Sy Name Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Power of 2 Ta Sy Power of 10
.It Kilobyte Ta kB Ta 2^10 Ta 10^3
.It Megabyte Ta MB Ta 2^20 Ta 10^6
.It Gigabyte Ta GB Ta 2^30 Ta 10^9
.It Terabyte Ta TB Ta 2^40 Ta 10^12
.It Petabyte Ta PB Ta 2^50 Ta 10^15
.It Exabyte Ta EB Ta 2^60 Ta 10^18
.It Zettabyte Ta ZB Ta 2^70 Ta 10^21
.It Yottabyte Ta YB Ta 2^80 Ta 10^24
.It Ronnabyte Ta RB Ta 2^90 Ta 10^27
.It Quettabyte Ta QB Ta 2^100 Ta 10^30
.El
.Pp
The following table lists common bit rates as a power of ten.
.Bl -column -offset 2n \
"Megabit per second" "Prefix" "Bit per second" "Byte per second"
.It Sy Name Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Bit per second Ta Sy Byte per second
.It Bit per second Ta bit/s Ta 1 Ta 0.125
.It Byte per second Ta B/s Ta 8 Ta 1
.It Kilobit per second Ta kbit/s Ta 10^3 Ta 125
.It Kilobyte per second Ta kB/s Ta 8 * 10^3 Ta 1000
.It Megabit per second Ta Mbit/s Ta 10^6 Ta 125000
.It Megabyte per second Ta MB/s Ta 8 * 10^6 Ta 1000000
.It Gigabit per second Ta Gbit/s Ta 10^9 Ta 125000000
.It Gigabyte per second Ta GB/s Ta 8 * 10^9 Ta 1000000000
.It Terabit per second Ta Tbit/s Ta 10^12 Ta 125000000000
.It Terabyte per second Ta TB/s Ta 8 * 10^12 Ta 1000000000000
.El
.Pp
The following table lists common orders of magnitude as a power of ten.
.Bl -column -offset 2n \
"Septillionth" "Order" "Prefix" "Symbol" "Decimal"
.It Sy Name Ta Sy Order Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Symbol Ta Sy Decimal
.It Nonillionth Ta 10^-30 Ta quecto Ta q Ta 0.000000000000000000000000000001
.It Octillionth Ta 10^-27 Ta ronto Ta r Ta 0.000000000000000000000000001
.It Septillionth Ta 10^-24 Ta yocto Ta y Ta 0.000000000000000000000001
.It Sextillionth Ta 10^-21 Ta zepto Ta z Ta 0.000000000000000000001
.It Quintillionth Ta 10^-18 Ta atto Ta a Ta 0.000000000000000001
.It Quadrillionth Ta 10^-15 Ta femto Ta f Ta 0.000000000000001
.It Trillionth Ta 10^-12 Ta pico Ta p Ta 0.000000000001
.It Billionth Ta 10^-9 Ta nano Ta n Ta 0.000000001
.It Millionth Ta 10^-6 Ta micro  Ta mu Ta 0.000001
.It Thousandth Ta 10^-3 Ta milli Ta m Ta 0.001
.It Hundredth Ta 10^-2 Ta centi Ta c Ta 0.01
.It Tenth Ta 10^-1 Ta deci Ta d Ta 0.1
.It One Ta 10^0 Ta - Ta - Ta 1
.It Ten Ta 10^1 Ta deca Ta da Ta 10
.It Hundred Ta 10^2 Ta hecto Ta h Ta 100
.It Thousand Ta 10^3 Ta kilo Ta k Ta 1000
.It Million Ta 10^6 Ta mega Ta M Ta 1000000
.It Billion Ta 10^9 Ta giga Ta G Ta 1000000000
.It Trillion Ta 10^12 Ta tera Ta T Ta 1000000000000
.It Quadrillion Ta 10^15 Ta peta Ta P Ta 1000000000000000
.It Quintillion Ta 10^18 Ta exa Ta E Ta 1000000000000000000
.It Sextillion Ta 10^21 Ta zetta Ta Z Ta 1000000000000000000000
.It Septillion Ta 10^24 Ta yotta Ta Y Ta 1000000000000000000000000
.It Octillion Ta 10^27 Ta ronna Ta R Ta 1000000000000000000000000000
.It Nonillion Ta 10^30 Ta quetta Ta Q Ta 1000000000000000000000000000000
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr units 1 ,
.Xr number 6
.Sh STANDARDS
There have been various attempts to standardize the set of binary prefixes.
Organizations such as International Electrotechnical Commission
.Pq Tn IEC
have proposed new prefixes such as
.Dq kibi ,
.Dq mebi ,
.Dq gibi ,
and
.Dq yobi ,
but the adoption has been slow at best.
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page was written by
.An Jukka Ruohonen Aq Mt jruoho@netbsd.org .
